ENVIROMENTALITY
A topical index of environmental news, research, speculation, and invective
September 15, 2007                                                                     Double Click Any Word for Definition                                                               Search Archive
Biodiversity

Time For A Global Biodiversity Mechanism
The Convention on Biological Diversity and the other international agreements concerned with biodiversity lack a mechanism akin to the one used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) to provide clear scientific assessment and advice to governments and the public.
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California Aims to Save Fish, Via Poison
The state's latest plan to rid Lake Davis of northern pike and protect species downstream raises concern.
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A Case of Mistaken Conservation Identity
The story of the greenback cutthroat trout illustrates the difficulty of species specific management and the need for the utmost care in genetic identification.
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Pareto Optimality in Environmental Management
The Pareto approach provides decision-makers with a set of alternatives that estimates the full range of trade-offs among multiple objectives and provides a common ground from which dialogue can lead to an informed decision in environmental management problems.
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Species Watch
16,306 Species on 2007 IUCN Red List; Increase of 180
Bird Life International to Save 189 Endangered Birds
Two New Species of Salamander in Panama
Homerus Swallowtail Butterfly Requires Captive Breeding
Metagenetics Reveals Likely Recent Die Off Bee Virus
Grevy's Zebras Saved From Anthrax Caused Extinction
Iceland Renounces Commercial Whaling
Tiger Numbers at Catastrophic Levels
New England Marsh Grass Losses Due to Fusarium, Nematodes
Australian Jellyfish Invades Southeastern U.S. Waters Again
Solomon Islands to Promote Wild Dolphin Exports
U.S. NOAA Signs New Hawaiian Monk Seal Recovery Plan
Gorilla Killings Fueled By Charcoal Trade
Libyan Vessel Seen With 96 Tons of Endangered Red Tuna (Fr.)

Business Corporations and Finance

Cargill and Dow Pursuing Bioplastics Intensively
In a field jump-started by skyrocketing oil prices, vegetables are the new plastics, but are they really green?
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Phillips and NAM Creating Bird-Friendly Lighting for Offshore Platforms
Dutch Petrol company NAM is testing new lighting by electronics giant Philips to improve safety for migratory birds who can get disoriented by brightly-lit offshore platforms.

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Investors Push Record Number of Companies to Address Climate Change
Environmentally conscious investors forced a record 15 companies including ConocoPhillips, Wells Fargo and Hartford Insurance to make changes to their businesses in 2007 that they hope will help tackle the problem of climate change.

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World Bank Approves US$360M for Nile Dam
The World Bank has agreed to extend to Uganda a loan to build a controversial 250MW hydropower station on the River Nile. The project at Bujagali ran into trouble after environmentalists expressed concern that the dam would drown the natural falls, and urged the government to preserve the falls by opting for less harmful and cheaper energy alternatives.

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Climate

US Government Accountability Office Advocates Cap-and-Trade System Over Vehicle Efficiency
A cap-and-trade system to reduce greenhouse gas levels could be more effective at curbing oil use than increasing vehicle fuel efficiency, according to a new report by the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO).

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Blogger Proves NASA Wrong on Climate Change
Some of America's top scientists have admitted that the calculations they used to show an increase in the country's temperatures were flawed, after a campaign by an amateur meteorologist using his blog.

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When Bivalves and Snails Ruled The World
The Permian-Triassic extinction occurred about 275 million years ago (the more famous Jurassic extinction of dinosaurs happened about 200 million years later). The P-T extinction wiped out about 70% of land species and 90% of ocean species. Mostly bivalves and snails survived in the oceans due to their ability to tolerate the toxicity created by too much atmospheric carbon dioxide (C02). Estimates of C02 in the atmosphere at that time suggest they were from six to 10 times greater than they are today.
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Climate Change and Freshwater Sources
Several recent studies suggest that global warming may lead to increased continental water runoff and groundwater recharging, leading in turn to a greater abundance of freshwater in areas that receive rainfall.
>Runoff              >Groundwater Overview          >Groundwater Study

Treaty Negotiations Watch
Sydney Declaration (pdf): Reforest and Reduce Intensity
US, Australia Release Climate and Energy Joint Statement
Basic Agreement on Rough Targets by 158 Nations in Vienna
Western U.S. States Sign Climate Initiative
The Forestry Eight Press for Forest Preservation Credits

Energy and Transportation

Lesser of Evils: Natural Gas or Advanced Coal?
In a recent edition of the journal Environmental Science and Technology, researchers show that liquefied natural gas (LNG) imported from foreign countries and used for electricity generation could have 35 percent higher lifecycle emissions than coal used in advanced technologies and cost consumers billions in idle power plants and associated infrastructure systems.
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Algeria Plans to Develop Solar Power for Export
Algeria plans to make use of its hot southern desert to develop solar power for export and domestic consumption.
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Toronto Turns to Lake Water for Air Conditioning
The Toronto Dominion Center is the most distinctive set of office towers in the city's financial district. Three of the five black buildings were designed by Mies van der Rohe and built in the late 1960s. So was their air conditioning.
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US Bioenergy Research Grants Awarded: $383M
The US Department of Energy awarded $375M to the Oak Ridge National Labs, in Tennessee; the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, in Wisconsin; and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, in California. The US Department of Agriculture's $8.3M will go to the University of Minnesota, $715,000; South Dakota State University, $420,000; Mississippi State University, $1.3 million; The University of Georgia, $400,000; Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, $1.2 million; The University of Florida, $750,000; The University of Delaware, $600,000; The USDA-Agricultural Research Service (Albany, Calif.) two awards, each of $600,000; The USDA-ARS (Cornell University), $700,000 and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, $1.04 million.
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Wind Energy Watch
Wind: Free, Plentiful, and Fickle
World's Largest Wind Farm Approved for Thames Estuary
Massive Offshore Wind Turbines Safe for Birds
NY Utility Dumps Plans for Atlantic Ocean Wind Park, Cites Cost
The Economic Case for Small-Scale Distributed Wind (pdf)
Minimizing Avian Mortality in Siting Wind Turbines with GIS

Forests and Agriculture

2007 US Farm Bill: Position Paper on Payment Limitations and Commodity Reform
"While a variety of reforms are needed to reduce or eliminate the negative impacts of current commodity programs, the single most effective first step Congress could take in the 2007 Farm Bill is to cap subsidies to mega farms through Payment Limitation Reform."
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Peru Energy Project Saves Rainforest
Defying conventional assumptions, a vast natural gas project has helped to protect 1.5 million hectares of rainforest in the Peruvian Amazon.
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Power Shortages Cause Deforestation: Zimbabwe
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The Sustainability of Subsistence Hunting
A case study of the Matsigenka Native Communities in Manu National Park, Peru reveals little or no evidence that any of five major prey species had become depleted, other than locally, despite a near doubling of the human population since 1988.
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Agriculture and GM Watch
Agricultural Work and Pulmonary Disease Link Bolstered
EU to Clear New GMO Beet
Seed Companies Offer Precision Agriculture Advice to Farmers 
Biotech Propels Malaysia's Growth
Philippine Court Orders Halt to Imports of GM rice
Eco-Tilling Detects Herbicide Resistance Early
Update on Reintroduction of American Chestnut
Transgenic Maize More Susceptible to Aphids
Finnish Retailers' Lobby Slams Voluntary GMO Labeling
India Allows First Large Trials of GM Food Crop: Brinjal

Nutrition, Health, and Wealth

Uganda on Course in Achieving Millennium Goals
The United Nations Millennium Campaign was set up in 2002 to fast track the achieving of the millennium development goals (MDGs). The UN recently cited Uganda as one of the countries that have made tremendous progress towards achieving the MDGs.
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Common IV Drugs Have Dangerous Sequelae
A few of the most commonly used IV drugs, each containing propylene glycol, have been associated with acute kidney injury, hyperosmolality, and metabolic acidosis. The list of medications includes: Lorazepam, Phenobarbital, Diazepam, Pentobarbital, Phenytoin, Etomidate, Nitroglycerin, and Esmolol.
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Reid

Allahabad, India: A worker pushes a layer of polluted foam from a drain near where the Ganges River and the Yamuna River meet. Polluting industries along the river, as well as large amounts of untreated human waste, have made the river hazardous. Dams built for irrigation have also hindered the river's flow. So far, only NGOs like the International Rivers Network are seeking to catalyze river revivals worldwide. There appears to be no global freshwater pollution mechanism since inland waters are traditionally viewed as a local issue. Under these circumstances, a Global Hydrological Convention along the lines of the climate and biodiversity frameworks seems inevitable. (Credit: National Geographic)

Nutrition, Health, and Wealth, cont'd

Using Wastewater to Study Urban Drug Use
Estimating a city's drug use has been notoriously difficult and unreliable. Epidemiologists usually conduct personal surveys or track hospital emergency room visits and calls to poison-control centers
In this study researchers studied wastewater samples from 10 cities throughout the United States, testing for 14 illicit, prescription, and nonprescription drugs including heroine, cocaine, meth, and oxycodone.
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Environmental Exposures and Gene Regulation in Disease Etiology
Pharmaceuticals, pesticides, air pollutants, industrial chemicals, heavy metals, hormones, nutrition, and behavior can change gene expression through a broad array of gene regulatory mechanisms. This literature review study shows that genetic predisposition for disease is best predicted in the context of environmental exposures.
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Disease Watch
River Blindness Parasite Developing Immunity
160 Italian Towns Infected by Chikungunya Virus
Rabies Halted For First Time After Infecting Brain
Ten Minute Cancer Test
Human-to-Human Spread of Avian-Flu in Indonesia in 2006
Baxter and British Sign Bird Flu Vaccine Deal
Kenyan Malaria Success With Bed Nets for Children
Nanoparticle Anthrax Vaccine Shows Efficacy in  Rodents
Adequate Vitamin D3 Levels Lower Risk of Colon, Breast Cancers
H5N1 Bird Flu at German Poultry Farm
Avastin Approved for Lung Cancer in EU

New and/or Noteworthy Media

Cool It: The Skeptical Environmentalist's Guide to Global Warming
Book by Bjorn Lomborg
Time magazine has called the Danish statistician one of the 100 most influential people in the world. His latest book makes a controversial argument: that the environmental movement has greatly exaggerated the dangers of climate change, and, as a result, distracted public attention from more urgent global crises.
>MP3 Interview With Author


The 11th Hour
Film by Leonardo DiCaprio
A call to action on the environment, and way more than a powerpoint for tree huggers.
>Audio Film Review


The Weathermakers
Book by Tim Flannery
"With The Weather Makers, Tim Flannery delivers an almighty wallop to [the climate] debate. The general reader can absorb it and feel enlightened; the scientific reader can, and must, use it as a springboard for further research."
>Book Site

Science and Policy Frontiers

YouTube For Scientists Launched
A website being dubbed the YouTube for scientists has been launched, raising new hopes  of bringing science closer to the people.
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Citizen Scientists Help Monitor Nation's Rivers
Day after day, Chauncey Moran leaves his backwoods cabin, packs his pickup with gear and embarks on a scientific mission: checking the health of the Yellow Dog River.