ENVIROMENTALITY
A topical index of environmental news, research, speculation, and invective
December 15, 2007                                         Double Click Any Word for Definition                                 Search Archive
Biodiversity

Building a New Model of Bio-Exploration
Two US land-grant universities have developed a new approach to global bio-exploration, one that returns most of the fruits of discovery to the countries that provide the raw materials on which the research depends.
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Game Hunting Park in Cambodian Jungle
The Cambodian government is studying a Spanish company's proposal to convert a huge tract of jungle in the country's wild northeast into a game hunting park for big-spending tourists, a wildlife protection official said.
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Experts Seek Equivalent of IPCC for Biodiversity
When will there be an intergovernmental panel on biodiversity along the lines of the IPCC for climate change? The specialists are hoping such a structure can be set up by the end of 2008. In November, almost 80 of them met in Montpellier, France and agreed to initiate such a panel.
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US: Species Recovery Credits to Offset Harm
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is seeking public comment on a new program designed to help federal agencies conserve imperiled species on non-federal lands while allowing them to suffer harm on federal lands.
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Species Watch
World's Largest Spitting Cobra Species Found in Kenya
Mystery Killer Stalks Chambal (India) Crocodiles
First Video Ever of Long Eared Jerboa
P
roject Seeks to Barcode Entire Ecosystem
More Than One-quarter Of US Bird Species Imperiled
How Global Is The Global Biodiversity Information Facility?
7 US Federal Wildlife Decisions to be Revised
Britain Considers Reintroduction of Wolf, Lynx, Beaver and Boar
CI Rapid Assessment of Atewa Forest (Ghana): New Species
Roundworms Killing China's Wild Pandas
Mexico Raid's Mills Near Monarch Butterfly Reserve
Study: Genetic Identity of Interspecific Neighbors Mediates
          Responses to Environmental Variation
Rainforest Reserve Established in DR Congo to Save Bonobo


Business Corporations and Finance

Nintendo, Microsoft and Philips Flunk Toxic Test
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Scotts Fined for Engineered Bentgrass
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) hit the Scotts Company with the maximum penalty of $500,000 for allowing an experimental turf grass to become established in the wild. Scotts' negligence allowed the creeping bentgrass, which was genetically engineered to tolerate the herbicide glyphosate (Roundup), to escape from field trials in Oregon and interbreed with wild relatives.

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S. Korea Gives US$4.4 million to First Environmental Project Between Two Koreas
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Japan to Offer $1.8 Billion in Environment Loans
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World Bank Endorses $9.3M West African Regional Biosafety Project

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Climate

CO2 Addiction: Who Are the Pushers?
An internal analysis conducted by Enviromentality shows that the top five producers of CO2 potential from fossil fuels in 2005 were: 1) China, 2) USA, 3) Russia, 4) Saudi Arabia, and 5) Algeria. These five countries were responsible for 51.47% of the world’s CO2 potential. The results were calculated using the CO2 emission coefficients for coal, oil, and gas and then multiplying these by the amounts of each fuel produced by the country.  Good so far? Now supposing we give a credit of 3 tons of carbon capture per year per hectare of forest in each nation.  Then the top five become: 1) China, 2) USA, 3) Saudi Arabia, 4) Algeria, and 5) India. Now supposing we add population to the analysis and calculate the amount of CO2 potential produced per person in each country. Then our list becomes: 1) Norway, 2) United Arab Emirates, 3) Saudi Arabia, 4) Algeria, 5) Australia. For complete numbers see the tables.
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Six Places in the World Where Climate Change Could Cause Political Turmoil
From Nepal to Nigeria, Indonesia to the Arctic Circle, a warmer world poses different problems.
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CO2 Emissions From Power Plants Rated Worldwide
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Of Two Minds: Groups Square Off on Carbon Sequestration
Opposition to a new clean coal plant near Los Angeles foreshadows potential NIMBY reaction to sequestration.
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Sequestration and  Treaty Watch
Bali Roundup: Nations Set Timetable to Revive Climate Treaty
US Senate Panel Adopts Emissions Curbs: S. 2191
NY's Mayor Bloomberg Advocates Carbon Tax in Bali
Stern: Targets-Trading Must Be At Heart of Global Agreement
Rethinking Kyoto: CO2 Emissions From Biofuels
Carbon Credits Standard Lacks Credibility, WWF Argues
German Government Agrees to Climate Change Package
Near Zero Emissions Coal Launched in Beijing
Pore Mineralization of CO2 May Occur Within 1 Year of Injection
Water Treatment Plants to Enhance Ocean CO2 Absorption
Asean Leaders Promote Green Region, Nuclear Power
US$750 Million for New Arab Climate Change Fund

Energy and Transportation

Industry Flexes, Weaker Energy Bill Passes
The Edison Electric Institute, which represents investor-owned electric utilities, led the opposition to the renewable electricity mandate. Along with its member companies in the Midwest and Southeast, the group carried out an extensive lobbying campaign warning that the bill would cause sharp increases in electric rates. The institute was joined by the National Association of Manufacturers, the Chamber of Commerce and groups representing the paper, mining, petrochemical and refining industries. Nevertheless, this bill makes giant strides towards the new environmental economy.
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Cleaner Nuclear Power
Congress pushes for another look at thorium fuel, saying it could reduce the amount of high-level nuclear waste produced by reactors.
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Self-Organized Traffic Light Control System Could Improve Traffic Flow 95 Percent
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Helium Isotopes Point To New Sources Of Geothermal Energy
In a survey of the northern Basin and Range province of the western United States, geochemists have discovered a new tool for identifying potential geothermal energy resources.
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Grid Watch
Smarter Energy Storage For Solar And Wind Power
Grid Watching Gadgets to Spur Energy Conservation
Fixing the Power Grid
Electricity Grid Could Become a Type of Internet

NIST Calibration Phasors for More Reliable Power Grids

Forests and Agriculture

Monitoring and Estimating Tropical Forest Carbon Stocks: Making REDD a reality
Reducing carbon emissions from deforestation and degradation (REDD) in developing countries is now a part of the Bali roadmap. Foremost among the challenges is quantifying nations' carbon emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, which requires information on forest clearing and carbon storage. Here is reviewed a range of methods available to estimate national-level forest carbon stocks in developing countries.
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Tropical Forests Face Huge Threat From Industrial Agriculture
With forest conversion for large-scale agriculture rapidly emerging as a leading driver of tropical deforestation, a new report from the Woods Hole Research Center (WHRC) suggests the trend is likely to continue with Brazil, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Indonesia, Peru, and Colombia containing 75 percent of the world's forested land that is highly suitable for industrial agriculture expansion.
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Quantifying the Biodiversity Value of Tropical Primary, Secondary, and Plantation Forests
The study compared species richness of major invertebrate, vertebrate, and plant taxa across replicated sites in Amazonia. A range of patterns was observed. A few taxa (scavenger flies, moths, and grasshoppers) appeared to be more species-rich in the secondary and plantation forests; unsurprisingly, at the other extreme, amphibians, birds, and woody plants were far better represented in the undisturbed forest; small mammals, orchid bees, and fruit flies appeared to be relatively unaffected by habitat type.
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US Congress Set to Reauthorize Smallest Tropical Forest Conservation Act Ever
It appears likely that the US Senate will pass a Tropical Forest Conservation Act that authorizes only $20M in 2008, $25M in 2009, and $30M in 2010. In addition the Act has been has renamed as the Tropical Forest and Coral Conservation Act so that these funds must be stretched to include both types of ecosystems in developing countries.
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Agriculture and GM Watch
Initiative to Develop "Climate-Ready" Farming and Forestry
Pesticide Use Down on California Farms in 2006
Chief UK Science Advisor: GM Food Safer than Normal Food
Drought Tolerant Plants Need 70% Less Water

Parasitic Insect Effectively Controls Vineyard Fruit Flies
EU Commissioner Rejects Syngenta's, DuPont's GM Corn
GM Bt corn Could Affect Aquatic Ecosystems
Feeding Cattle Ethanol Byproduct Causes E. Coli 0157 to Spike
U.S GMO Rice Found in China Supermarkets

Nutrition, Health, and Wealth

WHO and UNICEF Accused of Misusing Science
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Update on US Millennium Challenge Corporation
The Millennium Challenge Corporation, a federal agency set up almost four years ago to reinvent foreign aid, has taken far longer to help poor, well-governed countries than its supporters expected or its critics say is reasonable.

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